Stem cells are special cells that can make endless copies of themselves, as well as other specialized cells. They’re the foundation of our body and help keep us healthy, but medical researchers believe that stem cells can also cure diseases by replacing faulty or damaged cells.

Normally, your stem cell treatments system keeps cancerous and other disease-causing cells from growing and spreading in your body. But sometimes cancerous or abnormal cells survive and grow uncontrollably, leading to a tumor. Treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery target cancer cells and remove them from your body. Stem cell therapy focuses on persuading cancerous or abnormal cells to become normal cells, which can help prevent the growth of new tumors.

To treat blood cancers, doctors inject hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into your body to rebuild your bone marrow and repopulate your red blood cells and platelets. HSCs can be harvested from your bone marrow or your umbilical cord blood at birth. Your doctor will test your blood regularly to make sure the transplant is working.

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Research into stem cells has produced promising treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. NYSCF – Robertson Stem Cell Investigator alumna Malin Parmar and her team have developed an investigational cell therapy that targets Parkinson’s disease by replacing lost dopamine-producing neurons. The therapy also secretes brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which improves synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, and reduces neuroinflammation. The combination of these effects may slow or even reverse disease progression in preclinical models.